Zulu Way

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Zulu Way
Neighborhood Lower Lawrenceville
➤
Zulu Alley (until 1914)

This narrow alley, running for a half block from 3626 Smallman Street to Melville Way, is probably the alphabetically last street in Pittsburgh, but there is some confusion over its name: is it Zulu or Zula?

The name Zulu Alley was established by a city ordinance in 1881[1] and re-established by another ordinance in 1910.[2] It became Zulu Way in 1914 when an ordinance changed all alleys in the city to ways.[3]

Zulu Alley appears in J. F. Diffenbacher's city directory of 1882[4] and thereafter appears in every annual issue until the last one in 1897.[5][a] The successor of Diffenbacher's directory was Polk's directory, which included Zulu Alley or Way in each issue from 1902[20] at least through 1928,[21] though beginning in 1914 it was described as "not open."[22][b]

Zulu Alley appears in A. M. Neeper's 1886 guide of election districts[46] and on Hopkins plat maps from 1890, 1900, 1906, and 1914.[47][48][49][50] Zulu Way appears in a street directory published by the Pittsburgh Publishing Co. in 1916,[51] in the 1923 Lewis' Pittsburgh Guide,[52] and in the 1947 Bloom's Street Guide.[53] The transfer of a parcel of land on Zulu Way was reported by the Post-Gazette in 1920.[54]

However, the name has occasionally been spelled Zula instead of Zulu. Martha W. Brown Haven's Pittsburg and Allegheny Blue Book of 1895 lists "Zula ave., from Smallman to Melville ave." (The label "avenue" here seems to be a bit of an exaggeration.) Strangely for a list that includes this short alley, it omits Zulema Street, so nothing can be inferred from their alphabetical ordering.[55] In the first four Polk directories, from 1898 to 1901, and in a unique Allegheny County Business Directory published by Polk in 1900, the name appears as Zula Alley. But this seems to be a clerical or typographical error, as it is alphabetized after Zulema.[56][57][58][59][60] The error was corrected in the 1902 Polk directory, which lists Zulu Alley.[20]

The weight of evidence seems to indicate that the correct name is Zulu. This is supported in particular by the 1910 ordinance affirming the name Zulu (after which I can find nothing mentioning a name change) and the fact that the spelling Zula in early Polk directories was corrected to Zulu in later editions. Nevertheless, the current street sign on Smallman Street reads Zula Way. If the name was indeed changed to Zula at some point after 1910, then the title for alphabetically last street in Pittsburgh has been surrendered to Zulema Street.

Notes

  1. ↑ See the Diffenbacher directories of 1883,[6] 1884,[7] 1885,[8] 1886,[9] 1887,[10] 1888,[11] 1889,[12] 1890,[13] 1891,[14] 1892,[15] 1893,[16] 1894,[17] 1895,[18] and 1896.[19]
  2. ↑ See the Polk directories of 1903,[23] 1904,[24] 1905,[25] 1906,[26] 1907,[27] 1908,[28] 1909,[29] 1910,[30] 1912,[31] 1913,[32] 1915,[33] 1916,[34] 1917,[35] 1918,[36] 1919,[37] 1920,[38] 1921,[39] 1922,[40] 1923,[41] 1924,[42] 1925,[43] 1926,[44] 1927,[45] and 1928.[21]

References

  1. ↑ "An ordinance establishing the names of avenues, streets, lanes and alleys of the City of Pittsburgh." Pittsburgh city ordinance, 1881, no. 33. Passed Feb. 28, 1881; approved Mar. 4, 1881. Ordinance Book 5, p. 212. In Municipal Record: Minutes of the Proceedings of the Select and Common Councils of the City of Pittsburgh, for the Year 1880, pp. 213–234 (Internet Archive pghmunicipalrecord1880). [view source] ordinance-1881-33
  2. ↑ "An ordinance establishing the names of the avenues, streets, lanes and alleys in the City of Pittsburgh." Pittsburgh city ordinance, 1910, no. 716. Passed Mar. 31, 1910; approved Apr. 5, 1910. Ordinance Book 21, p. 359. In Municipal Record: Minutes of the Proceedings of the [Select and Common Councils] of the City of Pittsburgh for the Years 1909–1910, appendix, pp. 328–381, Devine & Co., Pittsburgh, 1910 (Google Books doQzAQAAMAAJ; HathiTrust uiug.30112108223832; Internet Archive Pghmunicipalrecord1909). Reprinted in the Pittsburgh Post, Apr. 29, 1910, pp. 12–16 (Newspapers.com 86616256, 86616285, 86616314, 86616333, 86616343), and Apr. 30, pp. 12–16 (Newspapers.com 86616643, 86616672, 86616694, 86616726, 86616748). [view source] ordinance-1910-716
  3. ↑ "An ordinance changing the name 'alley' on every thoroughfare in the City of Pittsburgh to 'way.'" Pittsburgh city ordinance, 1914, no. 402. Passed Nov. 10, 1914; approved Nov. 16, 1914. Ordinance Book 26, p. 360. In Municipal Record: Minutes of the Proceedings of the Council of the City of Pittsburgh for the Year 1914, appendix, p. 226, McClung Printing Co., Pittsburgh (HathiTrust uiug.30112108223899; Internet Archive Pghmunicipalrecord1914). Reprinted in the Pittsburgh Post, Nov. 23, 1914, p. 11 (Newspapers.com 86505785), and Nov. 24, p. 12 (Newspapers.com 86505809). [view source] ordinance-1914-402
  4. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburgh & Allegheny Cities for 1882–'83: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies, and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, twenty-sixth [sic] annual issue. Diffenbacher & Thurston, Pittsburgh, 1882. Historic Pittsburgh 31735051650889. [view source] diffenbacher-1882
  5. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburg and Allegheny Cities for 1897: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, forty-second annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher and R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1897. DonsList.net Pgh1897M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723278. [view source] diffenbacher-1897
  6. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburgh and Allegheny Cities, for 1883: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, twenty-eighth annual issue. Diffenbacher & Thurston, Pittsburgh, 1883. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286713. [view source] diffenbacher-1883
  7. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburgh and Allegheny Cities, for 1884: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, twenty-ninth annual issue. Diffenbacher & Thurston, Pittsburgh, 1884. DonsList.net Pgh1884M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735056290798. [view source] diffenbacher-1884
  8. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburgh and Allegheny Cities, for 1885: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, thirtieth annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1885. DonsList.net Pgh1885M; HathiTrust mdp.39015068427643; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723187. [view source] diffenbacher-1885
  9. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburgh and Allegheny Cities, for 1886: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, thirty-first annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1886. Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723195. [view source] diffenbacher-1886
  10. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburgh and Allegheny Cities, for 1887: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, thirty-second annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1887. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056290806. [view source] diffenbacher-1887
  11. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburgh and Allegheny Cities, for 1888: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, thirty-third annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1888. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056290848. [view source] diffenbacher-1888
  12. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburgh and Allegheny Cities, for 1889: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, thirty-fourth annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1889. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286754. [view source] diffenbacher-1889
  13. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburgh and Allegheny Cities, for 1890: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, thirty-fifth annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1890. DonsList.net Pgh1890M; HathiTrust mdp.39015068427635; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723211. [view source] diffenbacher-1890
  14. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburgh and Allegheny Cities, for 1891: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies, and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, thirty-sixth annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1891. Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723229. [view source] diffenbacher-1891
  15. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburg and Allegheny Cities for 1892: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies, and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, thirty-seventh annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1892. Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723237. [view source] diffenbacher-1892
  16. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburg and Allegheny Cities for 1893: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, thirty-eighth annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1893. Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723252. [view source] diffenbacher-1893
  17. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburg and Allegheny Cities for 1894: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, thirty-ninth annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1894. Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723260. [view source] diffenbacher-1894
  18. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburg and Allegheny Cities for 1895: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, fortieth annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1895. DonsList.net Pgh1895M; Google Books 8ptIwuAxp1wC; HathiTrust mdp.39015068427627; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723278. [view source] diffenbacher-1895
  19. ↑ J. F. Diffenbacher. J. F. Diffenbacher's Directory of Pittsburg and Allegheny Cities for 1896: Embracing a general directory of residences of citizens, full classified business directory, register of public institutions, benevolent societies and city government; directory of the streets, secret societies, schools and churches, forty-first annual issue. J. F. Diffenbacher, Pittsburgh, 1896. Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723294. [view source] diffenbacher-1896
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh and Allegheny Directory, 1902, forty-seventh annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1902. DonsList.net Pgh1902M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723377. [view source] polk-1902
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 R. L. Polk & Co. Polk's Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) City Directory, 1928: Containing an alphabetical directory of business concerns and private citizens, a street and avenue guide and much information of a miscellaneous character; also a buyers' guide and a complete classified business directory, vol. LXXIII. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1928. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286887. [view source] polk-1928
  22. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh Directory 1914, fifty-ninth annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1914. DonsList.net Pgh1914M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735058193859. [view source] polk-1914
  23. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh and Allegheny Directory, 1903, forty-eighth annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1903. DonsList.net Pgh1903M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723385. [view source] polk-1903
  24. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh and Allegheny Directory, 1904, forty-ninth annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1904. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286911. [view source] polk-1904
  25. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh and Allegheny Directory, 1905, fiftieth annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1905. DonsList.net Pgh1905M; HathiTrust mdp.39015068427601; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723393. [view source] polk-1905
  26. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh and Allegheny Directory, 1906, fifty-first annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1906. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286929. [view source] polk-1906
  27. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh and Allegheny Directory, 1907, fifty-second annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1907. DonsList.net Pgh1907M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735058193818. [view source] polk-1907
  28. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh Directory 1908, fifty-third annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1908. DonsList.net Pgh1908M; HathiTrust mdp.39015035098667; Historic Pittsburgh 31735058193826. [view source] polk-1908
  29. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh Directory 1909, fifty-fourth annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1909. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286648. [view source] polk-1909
  30. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh Directory 1910, fifty-fifth annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1910. DonsList.net Pgh1910M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735058193834. [view source] polk-1910
  31. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh Directory 1912, fifty-seventh annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1912. DonsList.net Pgh1912M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735058193842. [view source] polk-1912
  32. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh Directory 1913, fifty-eighth annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1913. Historic Pittsburgh 31735058193867. [view source] polk-1913
  33. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh Directory 1915, sixtieth annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1915. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286721. [view source] polk-1915
  34. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. R. L. Polk & Co.'s Pittsburgh City Directory, 1916: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations followed by their officers, copartnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupation, business connections and home address, a directory of all churches, public and private schools, benevolent, literary religious and other societies, banks and trust companies, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide and a complete classified business directory and a "buyers guide," vol. LXI. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1916. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056291002. [view source] polk-1916
  35. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. R. L. Polk & Co.'s Pittsburgh City Directory, 1917: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations followed by their officers, copartnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupation, business connections and home address, a directory of all churches, public and private schools, benevolent, literary religious and other societies, banks and trust companies, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide and a complete classified business directory and a "buyers guide," vol. LXII. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1917. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056291044. [view source] polk-1917
  36. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. R. L. Polk & Co.'s Pittsburgh City Directory, 1918: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations, followed by their officers, copartnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupation, business connections and home address, a directory of all churches, public and private schools, benevolent, literary, religious and other societies, banks and trust companies, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide and a complete classified business directory and a "buyers guide," vol. LXIII. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1918. DonsList.net Pgh1918M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735056290962. [view source] polk-1918
  37. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. R. L. Polk & Co.'s Pittsburgh City Directory, 1919: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations, followed by their officers, co-partnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupation, business connections and home address, a directory of all churches, public and private schools, benevolent, literary, religious and other societies, banks and trust companies, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide and a complete classified business directory and a "buyer's guide," vol. LXIV. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1919. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056291085. [view source] polk-1919
  38. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. R. L. Polk & Co.'s Pittsburgh City Directory, 1920: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations, followed by their officers, co-partnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupation, business connections and home address, a directory of all churches, public and private schools, benevolent, literary, religious and other societies, banks and trust companies, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide and a complete classified business directory and a "buyer's guide," vol. LXV. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1920. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056288545. [view source] polk-1920
  39. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. R. L. Polk & Co.'s Pittsburgh City Directory, 1921: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations, followed by their officers, co-partnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupation, business connections and home address, a directory of all churches, public and private schools, benevolent, literary, religious and other societies, banks and trust companies, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide and a complete classified business directory and a "buyer's guide," vol. LXVI. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1921. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056288578. [view source] polk-1921
  40. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. Polk's Pittsburgh City Directory, 1922: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations followed by their officers, co-partnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupation, business connections and home address; a directory of all churches, public and private schools, benevolent, literary, religious and other societies, banks and trust companies, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide, a buyers' guide and a complete classified business directory, vol. LXVII. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1922. DonsList.net Pgh1922M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286762. [view source] polk-1922
  41. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. Polk's Pittsburgh City Directory, 1923: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations followed by their officers, co-partnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupation, business connections and home address; a directory of all churches, public and private schools, benevolent, literary, religious and other societies, banks and trust companies, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide, a buyers' guide and a complete classified business directory, vol. LXVIII. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1923. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286838. [view source] polk-1923
  42. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. Polk's Pittsburgh City Directory, 1924: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations followed by their officers, co-partnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupations, business connections and home address; a directory of all churches, public and private schools, benevolent, literary, religious and other societies, banks and trust companies, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide, a buyers' guide and a complete classified business directory, vol. LXIX. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1924. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286804. [view source] polk-1924
  43. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. Polk's Pittsburgh City Directory, 1925: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations followed by their officers, co-partnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupations, business connections and home address; a directory of all churches, public and private schools, benevolent, literary, religious and other societies, banks and trust companies, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide, a buyers' guide and a complete classified business directory, vol. LXX. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1925. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286796. [view source] polk-1925
  44. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. Polk's Pittsburgh City Directory, 1926: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations followed by their officers, co-partnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupations, business connections and home address; a directory of all churches, public and private schools, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide, a buyers' guide and a complete classified business directory, vol. LXXI. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1926. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286846. [view source] polk-1926
  45. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. Polk's Pittsburgh City Directory, 1927: Containing an alphabetical list of business firms, corporations followed by their officers, co-partnerships giving names of partners, and private citizens with their occupations, business connections and home address; a directory of all churches, public and private schools, a compendium of the federal government, officers of the state, county and city governments, a street and avenue guide, a buyers' guide and a complete classified business directory, vol. LXXII. R. L. Polk & Co., Pittsburgh, 1927. Historic Pittsburgh 31735056286879. [view source] polk-1927
  46. ↑ A. M. Neeper. Maps and Descriptions of the Election Districts in the Cities of Pittsburgh and Allegheny. W. V. Dermitt & Co., Pittsburgh, 1886. Google Books clI_AQAAMAAJ; Historic Pittsburgh 00c595180m. [view source] neeper
  47. ↑ Atlas of the City of Pittsburgh, vol. 3. G. M. Hopkins & Co., Philadelphia, 1890. http://historicpittsburgh.org/maps-hopkins/1890-volume-3-atlas-pittsburgh; included in the 1890 layer at Pittsburgh Historic Maps (https://esriurl.com/pittsburgh). [view source] hopkins-1890-vol-3
  48. ↑ Real Estate Plat-Book of the City of Pittsburgh, vol. 3. G. M. Hopkins & Co., Philadelphia, 1900. http://historicpittsburgh.org/maps-hopkins/1900-volume-3-plat-book-pittsburgh. [view source] hopkins-1900-vol-3
  49. ↑ Real Estate Plat-Book of the City of Pittsburgh, vol. 3. G. M. Hopkins & Co., Philadelphia, 1906. http://historicpittsburgh.org/maps-hopkins/1906-volume-3-plat-book-pittsburgh; included in the 1903–1906 layer at Pittsburgh Historic Maps (https://esriurl.com/pittsburgh). [view source] hopkins-1906-vol-3
  50. ↑ Real Estate Plat-Book of the City of Pittsburgh, vol. 2. G. M. Hopkins & Co., Philadelphia, 1914. http://historicpittsburgh.org/maps-hopkins/1914-volume-2-plat-book-pittsburgh. [view source] hopkins-1914-vol-2
  51. ↑ Pittsburgh Street Directory: As revised since the consolidation of the Cities of Pittsburgh and Allegheny. Pittsburgh Printing Co., Pittsburgh, 1916. DonsList.net PghStreets1916M; Historic Pittsburgh 00hc14724m. [view source] street-directory-1916
  52. ↑ J. L. Lewis. Lewis' Pittsburgh Street & Trolly Guide: Pocket directory of public buildings, office buildings, depots, theatres, hotels, amusement resorts, libraries, parks, hospitals, and all places of interest and importance; Pittsburgh traffic regulations; containing a map of the business section, a ward and district map, and a map of the interurban electric lines. Lewis Publishing Co., Pittsburgh, 1923. Historic Pittsburgh 15c599171s. [view source] lewis-1923
  53. ↑ Bloom's Street Guide and Transportation Directory of Pittsburgh and Important Suburbs: Showing streets in the City of Pittsburgh, cross streets, range of street numbers . . . also streets in Wilkinsburg, Edgewood, Swissvale, Bellevue, Avalon, Emsworth, Ben Avon, Crafton, Ingram, Mt. Lebanon, Dormont, Mt. Oliver, Brentwood . . . complete street car and motor bus service available to all nearby boroughs and towns. Steel City Publishing Co., Pittsburgh, 1947. [view source] bloom-1947
  54. ↑ "Frosch estate is purchased: Fifth avenue property sold." Pittsburgh Gazette Times, Sept. 4, 1920, p. 5. Newspapers.com 85907673. [view source] frosch-estate
  55. ↑ Martha W. Brown Haven. The Pittsburg and Allegheny Blue Book: An elite directory containing prominent professional, literary, business and society families of Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Fayette, Lawrence, Mercer and Washington Counties, Pennsylvania: Also East Liverpool, Salem and Youngstown, Ohio: June, 1895. Martha W. Brown Haven, Pittsburgh, 1895. DonsList.net PGH_ALLEGH1895_BBM; Historic Pittsburgh 09acu4141s. [view source] brown-haven
  56. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh and Allegheny Directory: Adjacent territory and complete business compendium of Allegheny County for 1898, forty-third annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1898. DonsList.net PghAllegh1898CDM; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055722874. [view source] polk-1898
  57. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh and Allegheny Directory: Adjacent territory and complete business compendium of Allegheny County for 1899, forty-fourth annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1899. DonsList.net Pgh1899M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723310. [view source] polk-1899
  58. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh and Allegheny Directory, 1900, forty-fifth annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1900. DonsList.net PGH1900CDM; Google Books dBFNAAAAMAAJ; HathiTrust mdp.39015068427619; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723344. [view source] polk-1900
  59. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh, Allegheny City and Allegheny County Business Directory: Allegheny City; Aspinwall; Avalon; Bellevue; Ben Avon; Braddock; Carnegie; Chartiers; Coraopolis; Crafton; Duquesne; East Pittsburg; Edgewood; Elizabeth; Etna; Homestead; Knoxville; Millvale; Mount Oliver; McKees Rocks; McKeesport; North Braddock; Oakmont; Pittsburgh; Rankin; Sewickley; Sharpsburg; Sheraden; Swissvale; Tarentum; Turtle Creek; West Elizabeth; Wilkinsburg; Wilmerding; nineteen-hundred. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1900. DonsList.net Pgh1900M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723336. [view source] polk-1900-business
  60. ↑ R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley. Pittsburgh and Allegheny Directory, 1901, forty-sixth annual issue. R. L. Polk & Co. and R. L. Dudley, Pittsburgh, 1901. DonsList.net Pgh1901M; Historic Pittsburgh 31735055723351. [view source] polk-1901
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